Category: Know How

General Purpose Input/Output?

The abbreviation GPIO stands for “General Purpose Input/Output” and describes a universal interface that can be found on many computers and microcontrollers, including Raspberry Pi, industrial PCs and embedded boards. The pins can be configured as inputs or outputs to receive or output digital signals. Unlike specific interfaces such as USB or HDMI, GPIOs are very flexible and are suitable for a wide range of applications – from measuring a sensor signal to controlling a motor. The pins are particularly relevant in embedded technology, as they create an interface to the outside world and allow the computer to interact with its environment.

More detailed information about the interface here!

GPIO vs. DIO: The differences

While GPIO focuses on the general flexibility in the configuration of pins as inputs or outputs, DIO, or “Digital Input/Output”, refers to digital signals that are processed as binary values (high/low). DIO pins are therefore mainly specialized in detecting or switching digital states. In comparison, GPIO usually also includes analog signals and allows finer control over voltage levels and adaptation to different requirements in some applications.

The pins can have different states: either “High” (1) or “Low” (0). These states correspond to electrical signals that can be controlled by a software interface. The advantage is that the pins can be programmed to act as either an input or an output. This process is explained here for beginners.

The inputs receive signals, for example from a button or a sensor. Outputs, on the other hand, control external components such as LEDs or relays. This flexibility is particularly valuable for embedded and industrial PCs, as they can be programmed for a wide range of applications.

Possible applications for industrial and embedded PCs

The possible applications in industrial and embedded systems are diverse and include areas such as

  • Automation:
    The interface can be used to control and monitor robot arms or conveyor belts. This allows industrial processes to be automated efficiently and safely.
  • Smart Home and IoT:
    They allow you to control and monitor smart home devices such as light switches, thermostats and surveillance cameras.
  • Sensor technology:
    Embedded systems that work with sensors use GPIO to record data. Typical examples are temperature, humidity or motion sensors that are connected to the PC via GPIO.
  • LED and display control:
    Many embedded PCs use GPIO to control status LEDs or small displays that show the operating status, error messages or other information.

Special features of Windows systems

Some mini industrial PCs run on a Windows basis. In this context, the GPIO interface is controlled by special drivers and the operating system, which provides additional stability and security features. For developers who want to use GPIO under Windows, the official Microsoft site is a highly recommended resource. Here you will find instructions for configuring and programming GPIOs under Windows.

Advantages of GPIO in Mini PCs

  • Flexibility and adaptability:
    This is a universal interface that can be used in a variety of ways – from simple signals to complex control systems.
  • Cost savings:
    Instead of requiring a separate interface for each external device, several devices can be connected and controlled via GPIO.
  • Compactness:
    GPIO reduces the need for additional interfaces and thus enables compact designs – ideal for industrial environments with limited space.

What do you need to look out for?

  • Working safely with voltage:
    As the pins are sensitive to voltage fluctuations, the correct voltage (usually 3.3V or 5V) should be ensured.
  • Use of protective diodes:
    Voltage surges can occur in industrial environments. The use of protective diodes or resistors protects the pins from overvoltage and extends their service life.
  • Use of suitable software:
    Simple Python programs enable direct control of the GPIO pins. Many platforms offer SDKs and APIs to make programming easier.

GPIO is one of the most valuable interfaces for industrial and embedded PCs and opens up a wide range of applications. The flexible input and output pins offer an easy way to communicate with external devices and control a wide range of functions. It plays a particularly important role in industry, where flexibility and adaptability are required.

If you are looking for a robust, versatile system for industrial or IoT applications, mini industrial PCs with the general purpose input/output interface are the ideal choice.
Thanks to the numerous possible applications and their adaptability, they are perfect for individual and specific requirements. Of course, our spo-comm Mini-PCs are also equipped with GPIO. If you are interested or have any other questions, please do not hesitate to contact us.

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What is PCI and PCIe?

The PCI interface (Peripheral Component Interconnect) was developed in the 1990s as a standard for connecting various expansion cards to a computer system. It enabled efficient communication between hardware components. However, as technological development progressed, the original PCI interface became a bottleneck for modern, high-performance devices.

This is where the Express version comes into play. PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) is a further development of the previous technology, which offers much higher data transfer rates and better scalability. While PCI once worked with parallel data buses, PCIe relies on serial data transmission and offers several “lanes” that can be used in parallel. This leads to a drastic improvement in the speed and efficiency of data transmission.

Of course, you will also find one or two PCIe interfaces in our spo-comm product catalog. In addition to this port, our NOVA R680E offers some other interesting features!

DISCOVER THE NOVA R680E NOW!

Advantages of the interface for mini PCs

  • Higher data transfer rates
    Mini PCs benefit from the high bandwidth of the PCIe interface. Whether connecting a graphics card or an NVMe SSD for lightning-fast data storage, this connection is now the standard for fast, stable connections. The latest version, PCIe 5.0, enables data rates of up to 32 GT/s (gigatransfers per second) per lane, giving Mini PCs unprecedented performance.

    Outlook: It will be even more powerful with the upcoming PCIe 6.0 version, which is already within reach and promises transfer rates of up to 64 GT/s.
  • Flexibility and scalability
    The interface has a modular structure. This means that there are different configurations, such as x1, x4, x8 or x16, which support different numbers of data channels. Mini PCs, which are usually designed to be compact, can thus be flexibly adapted to different requirements without having to compromise on performance.

  • Compatibility and future-proofing
    Another advantage of PCIe technology is its backwards compatibility. This means that older devices with this interface can also be operated on newer PCIe slots. This makes the interface a future-proof solution that is ideal for mini PCs, as these are often in use for many years.

The next generation of data transmission

The next stage in the evolution of the PCIe interface is imminent with PCIe 6.0. This new version not only brings twice the data transfer rates of PCIe 5.0, but also more efficient error correction methods and even lower latency. For Mini PC users who need maximum performance in the smallest possible space, this is an absolute game changer. The newer version will make it possible to transfer even more data in less time, which is a clear advantage especially in data-intensive applications such as 3D graphics processing, machine learning and high-performance computing.

DETAILED EXPLANATION OF PCIE 6.0

PCIe as a key technology for Mini PCs

The PCIe interface is undoubtedly one of the most important technologies for modern Mini PCs. It provides the necessary bandwidth, flexibility and future-proofing to meet the demands of today’s hardware. From powerful graphics cards to lightning-fast NVMe SSDs, the right PCIe interface can significantly boost the performance of your Mini PC.

What is a watchdog function?

It is an essential monitoring function that continuously monitors the operation of a system to ensure that it is running properly. If the system fails or hangs due to an error or a software or hardware problem, the device will be restarted or put into a safe state. The name “Watchdog” says it all: like a watchdog, it monitors the entire operation of the system and reacts immediately if something goes wrong.

How a watchdog works

A watchdog controller continuously monitors the system’s activities. The process works as follows:

  1. Regular check: The system is checked at regular intervals to ensure that it is running properly. This can be done by receiving a “heartbeat signal” – a regular signal from the operating system or software that informs the watchdog that everything is OK.
  2. Error detection: If this signal is not received within a certain time frame or an error is detected, the controller interprets this as a problem.
  3. Response: The watchdog responds to this error message by restarting the system or taking another predefined action, such as activating a safe system state.

This little companion is particularly useful in areas where a system failure could have serious consequences, such as in industrial plants, medical devices or automation technology.

Why is the watchdog function important for Mini PCs?

Mini PCs – including our spo-comm computers – are particularly in demand in areas such as industrial automation, IoT (Internet of Things), machine control and media technology. These applications not only require high computing power, but also exceptionally high availability. This is where the watchdog function comes into play. It ensures that the Mini PC can be operated reliably without failures, which is crucial for the smooth running of processes.

In many cases, a system failure can lead to costly downtime or, in the worst case, cause security breaches. Especially in automated systems or in environments where people depend on the functionality of devices, the watchdog function can save lives and protect companies from major damage.

Further information on the topic

Watchdog in practice: Applications

  • Industrial automation: In production lines or automated production lines in which machines and devices run around the clock, it ensures that all systems remain stable and react immediately in the event of a system error.
  • IoT devices: Many IoT applications, whether in vehicles or smart cities, require constant monitoring. It ensures that these devices continue to work reliably even after a malfunction.
  • Medical devices: It is also of great importance in medical devices where failures could have serious consequences. For example, the failure of a mini PC in a medical device can be rectified quickly and safely.
  • Digital signage: In areas such as digital advertising or information transmission, the watchdog ensures that content is displayed on screens without interruption.

Advantages of the little helper

  • Increased system stability: Continuous monitoring means that errors are detected at an early stage and the system can be restored quickly.
  • Automatic troubleshooting: The watchdog function automatically takes care of troubleshooting without the user having to intervene.
  • Reliability in critical applications: In many areas, such as industrial automation or healthcare, downtimes are unacceptable. The watchdog ensures that these are minimized.
  • Lower maintenance costs: As the watchdog detects and rectifies errors at an early stage, less manual intervention is required. This saves time and costs for maintenance work.

An indispensable security feature for mini PCs

The watchdog function ensures reliable Mini PCs and ensures that they run stably even in demanding applications. It continuously monitors the system and ensures that errors are rectified quickly before they lead to major problems. For companies that use mini PCs in safety-critical or high-availability applications, the integration of a watchdog is therefore a valuable investment.

Curious about robust, flexible and durable Mini-PCs? Contact us and discover the variety of spo-comm Mini-PCs.

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SPO-COMM MINI-PCS

Relocation of the spo-comm website

We have been working diligently on improving our website for some time now. In September, the move was finally on the agenda. Visually, everything looks as familiar as ever, although the one or other attentive visitor will certainly notice a few little things. Nothing will change for you in terms of use.

If you already have a spo-comm account, we ask you to reset your password once in order to continue to guarantee the usual security. We explain how this works in this article.

NEW – the RUGGED T1000

The RUGGED T1000 really is THE high-end mini PC in our product range. Thanks to the extended temperature range, a wide range power input and passive cooling, the system is the perfect companion in the vehicle and outdoor sector. The RUGGED T1000 can be optionally equipped with numerous expansion modules that enable a wide range of applications: There are virtually no limits to the RUGGED. We mention further features in the article on the RUGGED T1000.

Discover the RUGGED T1000!

End of life for BRICK and NINETEEN

“Time to say goodbye”: Two of our tried-and-tested systems are leaving the spo-comm product catalog. The BRICK i3 7100U is saying goodbye, but without BRICK nothing works for us, which is why we have of course already provided a replacement. The BRICK i3 N305 proves to be a worthy successor, it shines with an extended temperature range, passive cooling, compact dimensions and much more. It also now comes with stylish spo-comm branding.

Discover the BRICK i3 N305!

Our 19″ PC, the NINETEEN Q370, is also leaving our product portfolio after many years of loyal service. Psst: The successor is already in the starting blocks!

In short: This is ARM

ARM is an architecture for microprocessors based on the RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) principle. Because ARM processors work with a simplified instruction set architecture, they are more energy efficient compared to traditional CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing) processors. ARM processors are designed to consume less power, making them ideal for mobile devices, embedded systems and IoT applications.

How does ARM technology work?

The functionality of the ARM architecture is based on a minimalist design approach in which only the most necessary instructions are implemented directly in the hardware. This allows the processor to work more efficiently as fewer transistors* are required to perform tasks. Fewer transistors result in lower power consumption and less waste heat, which makes the ARM architecture particularly attractive for devices that require a long battery life.

ARM processors use a pipeline architecture in which different stages of an instruction are processed simultaneously, enabling high speed with low energy consumption. In addition, these processors often have a modular design so that they can be adapted to the specific needs of a device, which further increases their flexibility and versatility.

*Transistors “serve as contactless switches and for the amplification and control of electrical signals.” – conrad.de

ARM technology in mini PCs and embedded systems

The use of ARM processors in mini PCs and embedded systems has increased significantly in recent years. The use of ARM processors enables these devices to work efficiently and save power, making them ideal for the various application areas of Mini PCs.

Embedded systems are computers that are integrated into more complex systems and perform special tasks. Typical areas of use include machine control or IoT applications. ARM processors are perfect for such applications due to their flexibility, scalability and energy efficiency. They enable the continuous further development of embedded systems to perform even more complex tasks while remaining compact and energy-efficient.

Windows IoT customizing

Advantages of ARM for mini and embedded PCs

  1. Energy efficiency: ARM processors are known for being particularly energy efficient, which extends battery life and reduces power consumption.
  2. Compact design: The minimalist design of the ARM architecture means that devices can be compact and lightweight without having to sacrifice performance.
  3. Scalability: ARM processors are customizable, so they can be scaled and optimized as needed.
  4. Costs: ARM-based devices are often cheaper to manufacture, which is reflected in lower prices.
More on energy efficiency and sustainability of embedded PCs
More spo-comm knowledge

Time to say goodbye to our all-round talent

After a long time, the WINDBOX II Pro is now leaving our product portfolio. With numerous and diverse connection options, three video outputs and an Intel® Celeron J3455E CPU, the WINDBOX has established itself in our product selection over the years.

Alternatively, we recommend the ONE J6412, which impresses with an Intel® Celeron J6412 processor, various interfaces, passive cooling and small dimensions.

Discover the ONE J6412

spo-comm systems with Windows 11 IoT Enterprise LTSC

Some of our spo-comm Mini-PCs are now available with Windows 11 IoT! The new version of Windows IoT brings with it improvements as well as new functions and a not insignificant price advantage.

The most important functions of the new Windows:

  1. Modern user interface: New start menu and centered taskbar.
  2. Advanced security functions: TPM 2.0, Secure Boot, Windows Hello.
  3. Optimized performance: More efficient resource management and faster updates.
  4. Virtual desktops: Better management for higher productivity.
  5. Compatibility and integration: Support for modern hardware and better integration with Microsoft 365 services and Azure IoT.

The following of our spo-comm Mini-PCs can be equipped with the new Windows IoT version:

Windows IoT at spo-comm
More information about Windows IoT

Energy efficiency of embedded PCs

Lower power consumption

Embedded PCs use energy-saving processors and special hardware components. These are often adapted to specific tasks and therefore require less energy than conventional desktop PCs. A second advantage is that many of these systems are designed in such a way that they do not require active cooling, which further reduces power consumption. In addition, they often have advanced power-saving modes that minimize energy consumption when the system is not fully utilized.

Another aspect of the energy efficiency of embedded PCs is the ability to adapt them to the specific energy requirements of the respective application. By using low-power processors, which have been specially developed for use in resource-constrained environments, power consumption can be reduced to an absolute minimum. This is particularly beneficial in portable or remote environments where power supply is limited and battery operation is required. In addition, many embedded PCs are equipped with advanced power management features that further reduce not only power consumption but also thermal load. This combination leads to a further significant reduction in energy consumption and increased operating efficiency.

Efficient software

The software for embedded systems is specially optimized to work with minimal resources, which also contributes to energy efficiency. These PCs often run on real-time operating systems that are designed to work successfully and without delay, which also saves energy.

In addition to operating system optimization, many embedded systems are designed to be particularly efficient at application level. This means that the software solutions are often tailored to specific tasks and optimized accordingly so that no unnecessary calculations or processes run in the background. This is a key factor in increasing energy efficiency, as less computing power and memory usage is required. In critical applications where reliability and immediate responsiveness are required, such as in medical technology or industrial automation, software efficiency makes a decisive contribution to reducing overall energy consumption.

Sustainability of embedded PCs

Durability and reliability

Embedded PCs are designed for use in harsh environments and have a longer service life than conventional PCs. This reduces the need for frequent replacement and the associated environmental impact. In addition, the long-term availability of components and spare parts is often guaranteed, which further extends the service life of the devices.

Reduced use of materials

Due to their compact design, embedded systems use fewer materials than conventional computers, which reduces the consumption of resources during production. Some of these systems are modular, which makes upgrades and repairs easier and reduces the need for complete system replacement.

Less electronic waste

The durability and robustness of embedded PCs help to reduce electronic waste. In addition, many of these systems are designed to be easier to recycle as they contain fewer different materials and plastics.

Application scenarios

Embedded PCs are used in a wide range of applications. In industry and automation, they provide advantageous control and monitoring of machines and processes, which can optimize the energy consumption of the entire system. In the area of the Internet of Things (IoT), embedded systems are used to create intelligent and energy-efficient solutions for households and buildings. PCs are also frequently used in a wide variety of vehicles, whether police or customs vehicles, in the development of autonomous driving or the evaluation of measurement data, cameras and sensors.

spo-comm Sidefact

Other important areas of application for embedded PCs are renewable energies and smart grids. Embedded PCs are used in solar systems and wind power plants to monitor and optimize energy production, which increases the efficiency of the systems and minimizes energy consumption. Embedded systems are also increasingly being used in agriculture, for example to control irrigation systems or to monitor environmental parameters, which makes the use of water and energy more efficient. Embedded PCs therefore play a central role in the development of sustainable infrastructures and contribute to the global reduction of energy consumption and environmental pollution.

Embedded PCs are a key component in the development of energy-efficient and sustainable technologies. Thanks to their specialized and optimized designs, they contribute to both reducing energy consumption and environmental impact.

Areas of application for spo-comm Mini-PCs
Discover energy-saving spo-comm Mini-PCs

Essentially, we are talking about a slim end device that is designed for accessing central servers or cloud services. In contrast to traditional desktop computers, thin clients do not have extensive internal data processing and storage. Instead, they rely on the resources and computing power of servers to run applications and store data.

Advantages of thin clients

Cost efficiency: As a rule, they are cheaper to purchase and maintain than conventional desktop PCs.
As most computing processes are centralized, companies can also reduce their operating costs. Improved security: As data is stored centrally, it is easier to implement security measures and protect sensitive information.
Centralized access also allows companies to better control and monitor data access. Simple administration: The administration of thin clients is generally simpler and more efficient, as updates, patches and software installations can be managed centrally.
This facilitates the scaling and maintenance of IT infrastructures. Flexibility: Users can access their work environment from virtually anywhere as long as there is a connection to the server. This promotes employee mobility and flexibility and enables companies to implement remote working models.

spo-comm Mini-PCs as thin clients

Our new addition, the ONE H610, is ideal as a thin client, as are the CORE 3 and our all-rounder WINDBOX series. More spo-comm knowledge

Time to say goodbye – our MOVE Q170 is EOL

After several years, the MOVE Q170 is now being removed from our product range. After a name change in 2021 from MOVE QM87 to MOVE Q170, it continued to impress with an Intel® Core i5 6300U processor and wide-range power input for optimal use as a vehicle PC with up to three independent screens. Nevertheless, nobody has to do without vehicle PC.

The spo-comm Vehicle-PCs 

 

Changes to our terms of delivery

We would like to inform you that we will change our delivery terms to CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid to) in the future. This change means that a small surcharge will be levied per order. 

You will therefore find the “Transport insurance” surcharge on your order confirmation for every new order in future.

The advantage for you: The risk of shipping is now with us and no longer with you, as with the previous EXW (Ex Works) conditions. We therefore assume responsibility for the goods up to the named place of destination and provide the appropriate transport insurance. In the event of damage or loss of the shipment, we will take care of the claims settlement.

If you do not want this change, you have the option to object to it. In this case, we will change the delivery terms for your orders back to EXW and the risk of transportation will again lie with you.

 

New warranty seals on the spo-comm Mini-PCs

Firstly, there will be a change to the spo-comm warranty seal that is affixed to our systems. From now on, our Mini PCs will be shipped with a new sticker.  

The old seal used to have a barcode and a number on it, which can no longer be found on the new seal, only “VARRANTY VOID IF SEAL IS BROKEN” is shown on it.  

What this means for you: The warranty is still void if the seal is damaged. If you report a service case to us, please quote the product serial number in future. This can be found either on the delivery bill or on the product itself. 

The second change concerns the system drivers. Previously, a driver stick was included with every delivery. From now on, this will no longer be included in the delivery and you will only find the drivers online on our website.  

 

If you have any questions, please get in touch with your contact person or visit our contact page:

Get in touch with us

Windows 11 versions

With Windows 11, Microsoft released six different versions of the operating system for different application areas.

  • Windows 11 Home
  • Windows 11 Pro, Pro for Education & Pro for Workstation
  • Windows 11 Education
  • Windows 11 Enterprise (full version)
  • Windows 11 IoT Enterprise LTSC

Windows 11 Home vs. Windows 11 Pro

The Home version of the new Windows operating system is the basic version of the various editions and includes all standard functions such as Microsoft Edge, the new Store, desktop management, input methods, widgets and much more.

The Windows 11 Pro versions, like the Home version, contain all the standard functions with a few additional features specially developed for companies. This includes BitLocker, for example, which can be used to encrypt data if the device is stolen or a data leak occurs.

Windows 11 IoT Enterprise

This version of Windows 11 contains all the functions of the classic Enterprise version, but is also specially developed for embedded devices. It offers many innovations that focus on improving the end user’s flexible and fluid experience. Windows 11 IoT Enterprise is designed to be the most reliable, secure, connected and powerful Windows operating system.

This operating system is based on Windows 10 IoT Enterprise, so the investments made in tools for update and device management will continue. Most accessories and associated drivers that work with Windows 10 IoT Enterprise will also work with the new Windows 11 IoT Enterprise.

Windows 11 IoT Enterprise LTSC

Windows 11 IoT Enterprise LTSC provides a stable and long-term supported platform with a support cycle of up to 10 years, making it ideal for critical and immutable applications. It focuses on security updates and critical fixes, without the frequent feature updates found in other versions of Windows.

This stability and predictability are particularly important for industrial control systems, medical devices and other embedded systems that need to function reliably over a long period of time. The LTSC version minimizes downtime and interruptions due to updates, making it an optimal choice for environments that require continuous uptime. It also offers the familiar Windows security and management functions that enable simple integration and management in existing IT infrastructures.

Windows IoT for spo-comm Mini-PCs

Windows 11 vs. Windows 10: Comparison

Apart from a few new features, Windows 11 is very similar to Windows 10, just a little prettier, for example through the visual customization of the icons or the start menu. However, there are more than enough new functions in Windows 11:

From a new start menu and taskbar design to a new widget area and snap groups that allow you to design and set up your screen more flexibly than ever before. The new Windows 11 has new features for every area of interest. Even if the new start menu is quite reminiscent of the macOS operating system, it is still clearer and also displays recently used files. Further adjustments have been made to the Microsoft Store, the Microsoft Teams app (which is now installed by default) and the layout on tablets.

System requirements for Windows 11

With Windows 11, Microsoft places high demands on devices; the operating system can only be installed on processors manufactured from 2016/2017 (for Intel PCs from the 8th Pentium and Atom chips).

Further minimum requirements are:

  • 4 GB RAM
  • 64 or more GB memory
  • UEFI system firmware
  • Trusted Platform Module(TPM) Version 2.0
  • Graphics card compatible with DirectX 12 or higher
  • High-resolution screen (720p), diagonal >9 inches and 8 bits per color channel

Windows 11 also requires a Microsoft account, which was not necessary for previous versions.

Of course, some of our Mini-PCs are compatible with Windows 11. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact us.

More information about the new Windows

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